AUTHOR=Serrano-Ibáñez Elena R. , Ramírez-Maestre Carmen , Ruiz-Párraga Gema T. , Esteve Rosa , López-Martínez Alicia E. 

TITLE=Pain Interference, Resilience, and Perceived Well-Being During COVID-19: Differences Between Women With and Without Trauma Exposure Prior to the Pandemic

JOURNAL=International Journal of Public Health

VOLUME=Volume 67 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.ssph-journal.org/journals/international-journal-of-public-health/articles/10.3389/ijph.2022.1604443

DOI=10.3389/ijph.2022.1604443

ISSN=1661-8564

ABSTRACT=Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in women with non-malignant chronic pain, and to determine whether women exposed to traumatic situations prior to the outbreak would be at a higher risk of negative health impacts. 
Methods: A total of 365 women were divided into three subgroups according to whether or not they had experienced a traumatic event prior to COVID-19. They completed an online survey. 
Results: Significant differences were found between groups during lockdown: (a) more psychological abuse was experienced by the group of women who had experienced an interpersonal traumatic event prior to the pandemic than in the other subgroups; (b) physical activity levels were higher and scores on pain interference were lower in women in the non-traumatized subgroup than in the other subgroups; (c) pain interference was predicted by pain intensity, decreased social support, and resilience, whereas perceived well-being was predicted by pain interference. 
Conclusion: Health care disruption during the pandemic is a stressful circumstance that particularly worsened the situation of psychologically vulnerable women with chronic pain.